0 Indonesia Batik

Indonesia Batik | Batik is one way of making fabric. Besides batik can refer to two things.

The first is the technique of coloring cloth using the night to prevent staining part of the fabric. In the international literature, this technique is known as wax-resist dyeing.

The second is the fabric or clothing made with these techniques, including the use of certain motifs that have uniqueness. Batik Indonesia, as the overall engineering, technology, and development-related motives and culture, UNESCO has been designated a Cultural Heritage for Humanity Oral and Non-material (Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity) since October 2, 2009.

Etymology

The word "batik" is derived from the combination of two Javanese words "amba", meaning "writing" and "stop" means "stop".

History of Batik Technique

Art staining fabric with stain barrier techniques using night is one of the ancient art form. The discovery in Egypt showed that this technique has been known since the 4th century BC, with the discovery mummy wrapping cloth which is also coated the night to form a pattern. In Asia, a similar technique of batik is also applied in China during the T'ang Dynasty (618-907) as well as in India and Japan during the Nara Period (645-794). In Africa, such as batik technique known by the Yoruba tribe in Nigeria, and the Soninke and Wolof tribe in Senegal. In Indonesia, batik is believed to have existed since the time of Majapahit, and became very popular late eighteenth century or early nineteenth century. Produced batik batik is all until the early twentieth century and the new batik known after World War I or around the 1920's.

Although the word "batik" is derived from the Javanese, the presence of batik in Java itself is not recorded. G.P. Rouffaer found batik technique is likely introduced from India or Sri Lanka in the 6th century or the seventh. On the other hand, J.L.A. Brandes (Dutch archaeologist) and F.A. Sutjipto (historian Indonesia) believe that the tradition of batik is a native of the area such as Toraja, Flores, Halmahera and Papua. It should be noted that the area is not the area that is affected by Hinduism but known to the ancient tradition of batik making.

G.P. Rouffaer gringsing also reported that the pattern has been known since the 12th century in Kediri, East Java. He concluded that this pattern can only be formed by using a canting, so he argues that the canting was found in Java at the time about it. Detail carving that resembles the pattern of batik cloth worn by Prajnaparamita, the statue of the Buddhist goddess of wisdom from East Java the 13th century. Detailed dress featuring patterns of vines and delicate flowers similar to traditional Javanese batik patterns that can be found today. This suggests that making intricate batik patterns that can only be made with a canting has been known in Java since the 13th century or even earlier.

Legend in Malay literature of the 17th century, Sulalatus Salatin tells Admiral Hang Nadim ordered by Sultan Mahmud to sail to India to get 140 pieces of fabric litter with 40 kinds of flower patterns on each page. Being unable to fulfill the order, he made himself the fabrics were. But unfortunately shipwrecked on the way home and only able to take four pieces that make the Emperor disappointed. By some commentators, litter was interpreted as batik.

In European literature, batik technique was first described in the book History of Java (London, 1817) writings of Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles. He was a British Governor of Java during Napoleon occupied the Netherlands. In 1873 a Dutch merchant Van provide a piece of batik Rijekevorsel obtained during a visit to Indonesia to the Ethnic Museum in Rotterdam and at the beginning of the 19th century that began to reach the golden age of batik. When exhibited at the Exposition Universelle in Paris in 1900, Indonesian batik riveting public and artists.

Since industrialization and globalization, which introduces automation techniques, new types emerged batik, known as batik and batik prints, while traditional batik produced by the technique of handwriting using canting and night is called batik. Hugh Clifford recording industry in the Week in 1895 for producing batik, rainbow fabric, and the fabric telepok.